Are you wondering, “What is a spring?” In simple terms, springs are devices that store mechanical potential energy. They are extremely common and are found in almost every industry you can think of. Additionally, springs come in various shapes and materials, including serpentine springs and wooden bows. There are four common springs that will be explained further.
Spring Materials
The material that is used to make springs is known as spring steel. They are most commonly low-alloy manganese, low carbon steel, or high carbon steel that has a very high yield strength. A few examples of spring materials are:
- Elgiloy
- Iconel
- Monel
- Titanium
- Chrome silicon
- Stainless steel
- Oil tempered steel
Springs are considered as a very useful element. There are many regions that use springs for various reasons, including:
- To store energy
- To control vibrations
- To retain rings
- To measure force
- To absorb shock levels
- To motive power
- To return motion
Common Types of Springs
Torsion Springs
Torsion springs are bonded tightly and are comparable to an extension spring even though the end of the spring extends away from the spring in a non-helical shape. A torsion spring is not extended or compressed but instead is twisted to store potential energy. Torsion springs are commonly found in clothespins and mouse traps. Torque replaces force in torsion springs, while angular distance in radians replaces linear distance.
Compression Springs
Compression springs are open coil helical springs. A helical coil is squeezed or pressed by a load. Additionally, it shows resistance to linear compressive forces. There are times when fluid may behave as compression springs, including fluid pressure systems. Certain applications that contain compression springs include:
- Lighter
- Couches
- Lock
- Pen
- Motorcycle suspensions
Conical Springs
These springs have a conical shape and are also known as tapered springs. These springs are designed to provide stability and decrease solid height.
Extension Springs
Extension springs are also known as tension springs. These are the opposite of compression springs. With these springs, once a pull force is applied, it results in the spring being extended. These springs contain hooks or expanded eyes on one or both ends. Applications that contain extended springs include:
- Weight machines
- Vise-grip pliers
- Garage door assemblies
- Counterbalancing of garage doors
- Lever mechanisms
Furthermore, if you ever need any of the above common types of springs, you can find a company that makes custom springs that will conform to all working and safety standards, no matter the size or material.